1. Arsenio Martínez Campos (1831-1900) was a Spanish soldier and politician responsible for negotiating the peace with the Cuban rebels that ended the Ten Years' War in 1878. He returned to Cuba on a similar but unsuccessful negotiating mission during the 1895 independence war.

2. José Ignacio Rodríguez (1836-1907) was an attorney, writer, and professor of law at the University of Havana. He emigrated to the United States at the outbreak of the Ten Years' War, settling in Washington, D.C., where he practiced law and wrote against Spanish rule and in favor of annexation of Cuba to the United States. Juan Bellido de Luna was coeditor of an anti-Spanish newspaper published clandestinely in Havana before the Ten Years' War. He was forced to flee Cuba for the United States, where he lived for thirty years and was known for his proannexation stance. Ambrosio José González (1818-93) was an aide to General Narciso López, a Cuban opponent of Spanish rule who was believed to be in favor of U.S. annexation of Cuba. González participated in the revolutionary expedition against Spain led by López in 1850. Manuel Moreno was a Cuban émigré whom Martí called an "avowed annexationist."

3. Rafael Montoro (1852-1933) was an attorney, orator, writer, and the foremost proponent of the Cuban movement for autonomy from Spain. He held several important government positions after Cuba won independence. Antonio Govín (1849-1915) was founder of the Cuban Autonomist Party and author of several legal treatises. After Cuban independence he was professor at the University of Havana and became a justice on the Supreme Court.

4. Tomás Estrada Palma (1835-1908) was elected president of the Cuban Republic in Arms in 1877, and was named to succeed Martí as delegate of the Cuban Revolutionary Party in New York. He was elected Cuba's first president in 1902, and requested the first U.S. intervention in the young Cuban republic in 1906. Enrique Collazo (1848-1921) was an aide to Generalísimo Máximo Gómez during the Ten Years' War, and rose to the rank of brigadier in the Army of Liberation during the 1895 independence war. He wrote several histories and was a delegate to the Cuban House of Representatives during the Republic.

5. Máximo Gómez. See ch. 3, n. 24.